Some of the Shari`ah rulings have been authentically proved by the Qur'an and the Sunnah, collectively and in detail. The proof to that is Allah's Saying: "O you who believe! Obey Allâh and His Messenger (peace be upon him), and turn not away from him (i.e. Messenger Muhammad peace be upon him) while you are hearing." (1)
Some of these rulings were proven collectively by the Qur'an then the Sunnah detailed them, such as Allah's Saying: "O you who believe! Obey Allâh and obey the Messenger (Muhammad peace be upon him), and those of you (Muslims) who are in authority." (2)
Some of them were only proven by the Sunnah and the Qur'an did not refer to them, such as Allah's Saying: "He who obeys the Messenger (Muhammad peace be upon him), has indeed obeyed Allâh." (3)
Thus, we can divide the Sunnah into three types in terms of their connection with the Qur'an in referring to rulings as follows:
The first type is: The Sunnah may be in harmony and confirming what has been reported in the Glorious Qur'an, then the purpose of reporting the ruling in the Sunnah again is to confirm and strengthen the ruling because two proofs are better than one, for example:
1- The Hadith of Talhah ibn `Ubaydullah: A man from Najd with unkempt hair came to Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) and we heard his loud voice but could not understand what he was saying, till he came near and then we came to know that he was asking about Islam. Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) said, "You have to offer prayers perfectly five times in a day and night (24 hours)." The man asked, "Is there any more (praying)?" Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) replied, "No, but if you want to offer the Nawafil prayers (you can)." Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) further said to him: "You have to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan." The man asked, "Is there any more fasting?" Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) replied, "No, but if you want to observe the Nawafil fasts (you can.)" Then Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) further said to him, "You have to pay the Zakat (obligatory charity)." The man asked, "Is there any thing other than the Zakat for me to pay?" Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) replied, "No, unless you want to give alms of your own." And then that man retreated saying, "By Allah! I will neither do less nor more than this." Allah's Messenger (peace be upon him) said, "If what he said is true, then he will be successful (i.e. he will be granted Paradise)." (4) This Hadith is in accordance with Allah's Saying: "And perform As-Salât (Iqâmat-as-Salât), and give Zakât." (5) And in accordance with Allah's Saying: "O you who believe! Observing As-Saum (the fast) is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may become Al-Muttaqûn (the pious)." (6)
2- Abu Musa Al Ash`ary (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: "Allah gives respite to the oppressor, but when He takes him over, He never releases him." Then he recited: "Such is the seizure of your Lord when He seizes (population of) towns in the midst of their wrong: Painful indeed, and severe is His seizure." (7) The Hadith is in accordance with the above-mentioned Ayah.
3- The saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "A Muslim is a brother of another Muslim." (8)
And the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): "You see the believers as regards their being merciful among themselves and showing love among themselves and being kind, resembling one body, so that, if any part of the body is not well then the whole body shares the sleeplessness (insomnia) and fever with it." (9)
The meaning mentioned in these two Hadiths is in harmony with Allah's Saying: "The believers are nothing else than brothers (in Islâmic religion)." (10)
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(1) Surat Al Anfal: 20.
(2) Surat An-Nisa': 59.
(3) Surat An-Nisa': 80.
(4) The Hadith was reported by Al Bukhari in his Sahih in the book of faith, chapter on Zakah is a part of Islam No. 46 and was reported by Muslim in his Sahih in the book of faith, chapter on the explanation of Salah which are parts of the pillars of Islam No. 11.
(5) Surat Al Baqarah: 43.
(6) Surat Al Baqarah: 183.
(7) The Hadith was reported by Al Bukhari in his Sahih in the book of Tafsir, Surat Hud (6/94) and was reported by Muslim in his Sahih in the book of dutifulness and maintaining the ties of kinship and good-manners, chapter on the prohibition of injustice (2/430).
(8) A part of a Hadith that was reported by Al Bukhari in his Sahih in the book of injustices, chapter on a Muslim should not oppress another Muslim (5/116) and was reported by Muslim in his Sahih in the book of dutifulness and maintaining the ties of kinship and good-manners, chapter on the prohibition of injustice (2/430).
(9) The Hadith was reported by Al Bukhari in the book of good-manners, chapter on the mercy of people and animals (10/452) and was reported by Muslim in the book of dutifulness and preserving the ties of kinship, chapter on exchanging mercy among the believers (2/431).
(10) Surat Al Hujurat: 10.
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